Leonard t



- Dems, A1932..

original Filed Sept. 9. 192;

if ,f-

LEOII'AVR'D TBOLAN-D, 0l' CAMIRIDGE, MSSAOHSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 COMSTOCK &

plify the art of v through whichthe exposing light enters the Vasassunta Dec. 6.1932

`UNITED STATES.

lRe. 18,680v

PATENT OFFICE WEBCOTT, INC., 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OFMASSACHUSETTS f coLon rno'roanarny Original lo. 1,808,584, dated me 2,i931. Serial No. 499,425, led September 9, 192i. AppIicatlon for reissueled September 24;,

This invention relates to photographic films and the production andrcproductlon of same, particularly in color photography, Whether forstill or motion pictures., this application being in part a continuauonof my prior application Apr-i1 3o, 1920. 4

A y principal object of the invention l 1s simultaneously to produce ata single exposure a plurality of separate lsuperposed complementalimages on a single film adapted to be used in an ordinary still p'ctureor cinematographic camera. without subsantial modification of thelatter.

Other objects of. the invention are to simproducing color pictures, toreduce the time .and cost required to produce such pictures, to aord a smple automatic way of obtaining accurate ratios of exposure betweencomplemental images, to obtain complemental images which are in accurateregistry throughout their entire area and which may be reproduced withautomatic regisry, to secure good definition, to m.nimi ze helation andgenerally 'to improve the art of color photography. 1

In order to clarify the subsequent description of the invention thefollowing definitions are here inserted. yUnless otherwise pecificallylimited the term lm photographic is herein employed generically toinclude all photographic records or recording articles or devices,whether the emulsion is supported .upon Celluloid or other support or is.self-supporting, and whether the film is adapted for either still ormotion pictures. The term emulsion is used generically to connote eithera true emuls'on or o her composition which issensitive to light. Theentrant side of the emulsion is the side emulsion, ywhether or not 1tlbe next to Jdie celluloid or othersupport, and the emergent s'de is theopposite side. The term color is used in its most common sense, not asbeing limited to a pure color but as including a range of colors inwhich a certain color predominates.' y nearer the red end of thespectrum and the colder colors arethose nearer theviolet 'throughout aThe warmer colors are those' ofthe emulsion s1tve to that color and animage correspond- 1931. Serial No. 584,930.

end of the spectrum. The term complemenial images is used to designate1mages representative of different color aspects of be ng exactlycomplementary/T 1e term devcfoped images connotes images which have beendeveloped whether or not they have been subsequently bleached. The termtransparent image means an image which is substantially transparent tolight of one or more colors though \not necessarily to all colors.

The linvention involves a photographic lilm having an yemulsion which ismore sens tive to light of =a predetermined color part of its depth thanthroughout another part of its depth, or which is predominantlysensitive to one color only throughout a part of its depth, or whosesensitiveness to light ,is adjusted differently for different colorsthroughout at least a part of its depth, or preferably which possessesall of these characteristics. The var.ation of the color sensitivenessof the emulsion may be gradual orvby steps or stages. A gradualvariationmay be obtained by bathing the film in a suitable dye and permitting thedye'to penetrate-to successive depths in gradualiy decreasing measure orby thus sensitizl'ng one side of the emulsion with one dye and similarlysensitizing the other side with another dye. A step by step variationmay kbe obtained by building up the emulsion as a succession of layerspredominantly sensitive to 'different colors. However, there are manyadvantages n formlng the emulsion in a single layer and I therefore deemit highly desirable not to form the emulsion in the form ofseparatensuperposcd coatings.

By exposing: he film to light from a multicolored object ii'cld an imagecorresponding lo one color aspect of the field is formed i throughoutthe whole or a part of the depth which is predominantly sening toanother color aspect of the field is formed throughout the whole or apart of the depth of the emulsion which is sensitive to the other colorand so on depending upon the number of complemental images comprised ineach set of images. In two-color work a blue-green record may be formedin one de th and a red record in another depth..

A ter the images are thus formed they may be treated and reproduced invarious wa s, examples of which will hereinafter be escribed.

In yorder to restrict the light lreaching the emergent side of theemulsion to the color to which the emergent side is speciallysensitized, the whole emulsion, or at least a portion toward the entrantside, is preferably dyed or otherwise colored so as to obstruct lightofl other colors and to transmit light of the color to which theemergent side is sensitized. This serves to restrict the image or imagesof the other color or colors to the entrant )side of the emulsion. Intwo-color work, e` the emergent side maybe sensitized to t e warmercolors and the emulsion maybe dyed with a dye which will transmit thewarmer colors and obstruct the colder colors. rWhen the film is exposedan image of the warmer colors will be formed onthe 'emergent side andanimage lof the colder colors will be formed on the entrant side.

While the light' of` warmer color passing than the intense image wiltense image.

through the entrant side may ex ose the entrant side to some extent, andw ile some of the colder light may penetrate to the emerent side, theseeffects can be rendered negigible as will hereinafter appear.

For certain uses ofthe film it is desirable that one of the' images bemore intense thanl the other or others. For example, according to onemethod of using the film hereinafter described one image should be somuch more intense than the other or others that inreproducing Atheimages by passing light through all of the images of each complemental set in series the image or images other be negligible for practicalpurposes compared with the Ain- This may be accomplished in various waysas for example by treating or pre aring the emulsion, or at-least thatpart of t e emulsion intended to bear theless intense image, so as torender the less intense image relatively fiat (i. e. having a relativelylow gamma). The dye hereinbefore referred to which obstructs thev lightof thcl color represented'by the entrant image also performs thisfunction, although in order to obtain a pronounced flattening efectthedye should ordinarily be more intensely absorptive than is necessarytopi-event the passing of the light of the particular color to theemergent side of the film. y I

When employing certain -of the methods to which my improved film is.adapted it is demesu sirablefalthough not always necessary) that theportlons of the light-sensitive strata bearing the respective superposedcomplemental images be separated by a free gelatine layer. For example,if it is desired to ,separate the ima es produced in the portions whichare r ominantly sensitive to different colors or 1f it yis desired toimpregnate or otherwise treat the portion bearmg one image withoutaffecting'the other image or images as hereindescribed, it isadvantageous to llave the' portions somewhat separated; This isillustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 by having the crosshatchings C and W spacedapart with only stippling therebetween.

mined by the method of subse uent treatment and by the effects to be pruced in the finished pictures, but in general it should be many times(e. g. of the order of one hundred times)l greater than thatwhich'results from ordinary lmpregnation with dyes for the purposeofgreen sensitizng or orthochromatizing the emulsion. The emergentstratum of the emulsion should be sensitive to orange, red, and possiblyyellow light. In

eneral it is immaterial whether this stratum 1s also sensitive to otherrays of the spectrum since the other` rays are absorbed before reachingthis stratum.

One method of producing a film havin the above characteristics involveslthe use o a recoated film. The first coating of` emul- \sion may haveordinary silver bromidesens1tiv1ty, being responsive to ultra-violet,violet, blue and blue-green ra s only. The film may then-,be recoated(on t e same side) with an ordinary panchromatic emulsion which isresponsive to practically all the rays of the spectrum if previouslysensitized to green,

yellow and red with isocyanine dyes as orthochrome T (color index v807)and pinacyanol (color index 808) as is customary in making anchromaticemulsion.- This recoated film 1s then bathed in a dye adapted toimpregnate the emulsion strongly and to make it stronglyv I absorptive-of blue, blue-green, green and yellow-green rays, and preferably at thesame time to sensitize the emulsion throu out to green,H yellow-greenand possily yellow rays. dye by bathing it may be mixed into theemulsion cfg-'the first coating before the coat- Instead ofincorporatingthe A mits a more reliable determination of the outdesensitizin concentration of the dye in the emulsion, but in generaldoes not afford such a fast emulsion.

Another method of producing a film having, the above characteristicsinvolves the use of a single coating of emulsion. This coating may befirst surface-sensitized to the aforesaid warmer colors, by-a short bathin said pinacyanol or other red-sensitizing dye, followed by rapiddrying, and then bathed in the staining dye, but it is referable toapply the staining dye before the surfacesensit'zing dye inasmuch as theformer may cause a further penetration of the latter if applied last.The restriction of the sensitization to the surface may be augmented bythe use,

of additional alcohol in the sensitizing bath. A

The dye for staining the negative stock as Vaforesaid should have thefollowing characteristics. It should be ca able of im regnating gelatinestrongly. Y blue, blue-green, green and allow-green rays. It shouldsensitize silver liromide to green and yellow-green rays. It should notinterfere with or destroy the action of the isocyanine orred-sensitizing dye, and it should wash out of the gelatine afterdevelopment and fixation with fair facilty.

I have foundthat alkaline fluoresceinates and their halogen derivatives,such as uranine (color index 766), eosinc (color, index 768),

sodium di-bromo-fiuorescein, erythrosin (color index 772-773), etc.,`are completely withaction and otherwise fullfill the aforesairequirements. Other suitabe dyes are filter yellow K and kodachrome re yA A highly satisfactory dye for average conditions is a mixture inaqueous or laqueousalcoholic solution of uranine (sodium fluoresceinate)and ordinary eosine (sodium tet rabromofluoresceinate), although thismixture permits a certain amount'of yellow, in addition to orange andred, to penetrate to the second stratum. Where it 1s desired toeliminate the yellow rays from the second stratum and to render thefirst layenmore sensitive to these rays, as in taking outdoor sceneswhere the green of vegetation is involved, better results may beobtained by addin to the above mixture xylene red B (Sch-u tz No. 579).The absorption band of xylene red B ends abruptly at about 600 ma andthe sensftizing action extends approxi mately to 610 ma. This dye hasall the other desired properties.

In bathing a recoated film such as above described the dye may comprise90 parts water, 10 parts alcohol, Lpart of said uranine, and 0.2 partof'said cosine; or, when employing said xylene red, 90 parts water, 10parts valcohol,0.8 part of said uranine, 0.08

lhour at approximately t should a sorbA partl of said eosine, and 0.05part of saidjl xylene red. To insure adequate and uniform penetration ofthe dye to the first coating the lm is preferably bathed ap roximatelyone iF. and dried at ap roximately F. Y

n the accompanying figures,

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of one form of my improved film; n

Figure 2 is a diagrammat`c view of one way of roducing theimagesthereon;

igure 3 is adiagrammatic view of one wa of reproducing same; and

Figure 4is a diagrammatic view of the application of the invention tothe production of three color pictures.

In Figure 1 I have illustrated one preferred embodiment of the inventionwherein F represents a support of Celluloid or other suitable materialand E represents the emulsion which may be of the kind predominantlysensitive to the colder. colors. The emulsion is sensitized to theWarmer colors throughout the cross-hatched portion W. This may beacomplished by bathing the film in a sensitizer (e. g., said pinacyanoldissolved in alcohol and water), the sensitizer being permitted topenetrate, at least in substantial measure, only throughout a portion ofthe depth of the emulsion. The portion W of the emulsion is thusrendered sensitive to the .warmer colors and if the emulsion isoriginally more sensitive to the colder colors the otherv loo intheprocess of making the emulsion, with a dye which will permit either thewarmer or the colder colors to be transmitted predominantly. Forexample, if the film is to be exposedthrough the back (i. e., throughthe Celluloid), as is essential -for some purposes, the emulsion may bedyed orange as, e. g., by use of dyes previously specified, includingone such as said filter yellow K which absorbs violet andultra violet,thus'renderingthe emulsion predominantly transmissive to the warmercolors. Upon exposing the film to a colored object or image fieldthrough the back, an image representative of the warmer colors isformedvin the portion W and a complemental image representative of thecolder colors is formed inl the portion C; Illus-v trative ways ofutilizing the film will be outlined hereinafter.

izo

Fig. 2 shows one method of exposing the film wherein L respresents afocusing lens of 'a camera, projection printer or the like` and setrelative to each other a'nd of the respective sets relative to eachother.

Instead of using the entire spectrum of colors and dividing the entirelight from the object (or image) field into the proper proportions asdescribed, the light may be passed through a color filter adaptedtoabsorb a.A

part of the spectrum before the light reaches the film, in which case adifferent 'dye is used in the emulsion to divide the used portion of thespectrum in the desired proportions. For example, the exposin light maybe passed through a yellow fi ter X (Fig. 2) which absorbs the blue endof the spectrum I (e. g. violetI and ultra violet) and an acid' scarletdye (e. g. said eosin incombination with said uranine in the proportionsalready stated) may be used in the emulsion toy restrict=the greencomponent of light to the entrant side and permit the red or orange com#l phosp ene; or the dye may be applied, as a constituent of elatine orother transparent coating on the ack of the Celluloid after the mannerof the well-known non-curling coating. Another method is to employ anextremely heavy staining of the emulsion itself with a d e very stronglyabsorbing ultraV violet an violet, as for example said filter yellow Kor Eastman yellow (color index 640) as already indicated.

Development of the exposed film should be bythe time-temperature method,since the ratio between the red and greed records in the two strata ofthe film depends not -only upon exposure but to a considerable degree .Yupon development, both as regards the apparent inertia of the recordsand their apparent contrast. It is desirable to soakhthe film in coldwater for a few minutes before placing it in the .developer ;.thiscauses a preliminaryswelling of the gelatine and enables development tobegin'throughout lthe Afilm more nearly simultaneously than wouldotherwisel be the case. y p 'f The green record can often be improved inspeed and in the. form of its characteristicl curve by slightly foggingit previous todevelopment by exposureof the film through the back torays which are strongly absorbed n by the emulsion. -"""Owing to thefact that the developer acting upon the "green record image in the firststratum must firstpenetrate the second stratum there is a strongtendency for it to become "locally exhausted bv its reaction with thered record image. This has the effect of produclasso ing a localreduction of development of the .green record image underneathrelatively h'igh'densities ofthe red record image, with acorrespondingly bad effect upon the kfinal color rendering. In order toreduce this socalled exhaustion effect to a minimum it is desirable touse a developer possessing a high diffusion tendency and a relativelylow reduction potential. Such a developer is hydroquinone combined withan alkaline carbonate (e. g. -in the ratio of one part hydro- 'quinoneto ten parts of'carbonate in one hundred parts of Water). A small amountof metol (color index 875) may also be added ,Y tion, either insuperposition for' any .desired substractive process or innon-Superposed relationship for any desired additlve process. Forprinting by reflection a layer of opaque white material may be providedin the emulsion as for example in the form of silver bromide not fixedout.

If one of the complemental images (the ima-ge representative oftheWarmer color in the foregoing example) is made much more intense thanthe other, e. g. ten times as intense, this image may be reproduced byprojecting light through both images ofv a complemental set, the intenseimage predominating to such extent that the combined effect of all theima es is virtually that ofthe intense image. A er the intense image hasbeen reproduced, or in the case of a motion picture A film after theseries of intense Images have been reproduced, th'e intense image orimages may be rendered ineffective, as e. g. by bodily removal afterwhich the less intense image y may be reproduced either insuperposition...

y with the intense image-or otherwise. When the intense image is on theoutside of the film as illustrated, it may be removed by bleaching thefilm in a solution which produces both images in hardened'ge'latine,and` then etch- 'ing the film in hot water (about 120 F.)

which dissolves the soft gelatine between the l images and allows theintense image to float off but leaves the other image adheringto thecellulpid or other support.

The bleaching solution may comprise approximately 100 parts water, 2parts chromic acid, 5 parts sodium chloride, and 0.1 part sodiumsul'phite. Before placing the film in the solution it is preferablysoaked in cold water until the gelatine has swelled to api proximatelyan equilibrium condition. The

. erably dried before The adhering image is then intensified'optrum. Thedye solution converts the silver and at the same time hardens thegelatine in the form of the images. The film 1s removed fromthebleaching solution as soon as the green record image is completelybleached.

I have found that a fresh bleaching solution containing only chromicacid and sodium chloride or an equivalent mixture does not in eneralyield a very strong gelatine relief.

oreover, there is a tendency 'for the relief to break up in the etchingprocess. These two tendencies can be remedied by a slight chemicalreduction of the bleach, which is accomplished by the addition of sodiumsulphite or other reducer. The reduced bleach yields a more pronounced`and more coherent relief.

However, an excessive bleach reduction must be avoided, since a` greatlyreduced bleach, especially if diluted or slow acting, has the peculiareffect ofimpressing upon the green record relief an image componentwhich 1s proportional to the superposed red record. In other words apositive of the red record is added to or combined with `the greenrecord, for which reason I have calledthis phenomenon thebleach-positive effect. This effect can be substantially avoided byemploying a rapidly acting bleach, such as above specified, inasmuch asthe eect depends upon the diffusion of gelatine-'hardening substancesfrom the red record into the stratum occupied by the green record.

The bleach-positive effect is in general the reverse of the exhaustioneffect; conse uently by regulating the bleach-.positive eect as a oveoutlined it may be utilized ap roximately to neutralize 'the exhaustioneffhct.

After the image remaining on the film is thoroughly etched with the hot`water to clear up the relief, the silver salts are fixed out in plainhypo, the hypo being subsequently removed by washing, and the film isthen preffurther treatment.

tically after which it may be readilyprinted. The intensification maying the gelatine relief with a dye which strongly absorbs the actinicrays of the specshould have great affinity for gelatine in order ltoproduce a heavy staining of the relatively thin relief; and it shouldwash out slowly so that the superficial dye adhering to the surface ofthe film may be rinsed off without unduly bleeding the iilm. Asatisfactory dye for the purpose is croceine scarlet in a 3 per cent.solution with 5 per cent. acetic acid, this dye affording an enormousintensification o'f the original image. The time of immersion of thefilm in this solution determines the degree of printing contrast whichit attains, the contrast continuing to increase slowly over a period aslong as be effected by stain-l twelve hours. Ordinarily an immersion ofabout QOminutes suiices when employing a dye of the above com osition.When roper contrast is attained t e film is removed) from the dye,rinsedr and dried rapidly, after which it is read for printing.

Instead7 of forming one of the complemental imaUes with negligiblecontrast and then intensifying it after the more intense image has beenreproduced, I have discovered various subtraction methods ofreproduction which do not depend upon this difference in contrast. Whenthe contrast of the entrant tive or negative, is visible.`

vThe original negative may then be treated y to remove the red record bythe same or equivalent method as described` above for this purpose. Itis desirable, however, to retain the silver of the green-record image 1nits original form and densities. This can be accomplished if thedevelopment of the film is initially by means of a yro formula,"whichwill give hardening of til of the image simultaneously with developmentthereof. Any pyro developer containing little or no sulphitepreservative may be employed for this purpose. The green-record imagethus separated is now superposed in register upon the complement of thetotal record which was previously obtained. This produces a positivewhich is substantially that of the red record alone. From this positiveis printed a negative which corresponds to the original red-recordnegative. From these two negatives positives may be formed by anydesired process.

With the complementa] images formed in different strata innon-interpenetrating relationship the subtraction method above describedinvolves the subtraction of the densities of the respective images, i.e. the" logarithms of the respective exposures,- in contradistinction toa subtraction of the exposures which would result in usinginterpenetrating images formed by exposing the same emulsion stratum tothe respective color components of light. By subtracting densitieslnstead of exposures the component image resulting from the subtractionprocess has far more accurate density gradations than when subtractingexposures.

Among the other possible methods of sepprinting through both e gelatinein the forml arately reproducing the superposed complemental negativesthere are various redevelopment methods which do not necessitate makingone of the negatives extremely flat.

`One such method involves converting both negatives into unexposedlight-sensitive silver salt, exposing one' negative 'withoutsubstantially exposing the other negative, de-

Y veloping the exposed negative, fixing out the silver salt of theunexposed and undeveloped negative with hypo to render the gelatinetransparent,` printing-the redeveloped image, then etching off theprinted image leaving the transparent image adhering to the celluloid inthe form of a relief, and then staining and printing the relief. Theconf version of both images into light-sensitive silver salt may beeffectedby bleaching in the dark with a solution of copper bromide. Onenegative may be exposed without substantially exposing the other byheavily dyeing the emulsion, thereby absorbing the light before itreaches the second negative, the d e originally incorporated in theemulsion efore the original exposure ordinarily This mode ofreproduction I call the invisi- V ble image method.

An alternative method of separating the component negative images inpreparing the os1t1ve 1s to transform each of these images into an imagein pure d ve or other coloring matter, each image absorbing exclusivelycertain spectral rays or colors. I For example. in the case of atwo-color record the cold color image might be converted into animage inyellow or minus-blue dye and the warm color image into an image inmagenta or minus' green dye orother coloring matter. There are variousways in which. this'could be accomplished. For example, both images maybe converted into a flve such as Metanilve low (color index 138) which[when acted upon by an acid becomes magenta in color. A small amount o facid may then be d'ffused into the film so that the image next to thesur- Y -face 1s converted into magenta whilel the other image isnot'sensibly affected. Another method is to convert thel image next to thesurface Adirectl into a magenta dye image by controlled iiusion and thento convert the remaining image into a yellow image by some process whichdoes not affect the first image, such as toning with metallic salts orthe use of a "dye having chemical prope'ties differentifrom thatemployedV for the first above described. The negative which rei mains inthe form of silver salt may be employed as a mordanting base for a dyeof the appropriate color which is not absorbed by the metallic silverimage. The latter may be colored the 4desired ycolor by any well-knowntoning process which does not act'upon the silver salt or dye of theother negative. ,By employing a bleach which will convert the silverinto silver iodide in the aforesaid bleaching operation a considerablevariety of dyes are available in the mordanting process. For examplesafranine may be employed to reduce a magenta color. Iny the toningprocess a yellow image may be produced y emplo ing a titanium salt. Thenegatives thus di erently colored mav be separately printed by usinglights of different colors, the light used in printing each negativebeing absorbed strongly by that negative and weakly, if at all, b theother image.

It 1s clear that when thisconversion of the images into respectivelydifferent colors, as above specified, has been accomplished, if bluelight is employed to print through the y combined film, only the yellowor minus-blue colored image will beprinted, since the blue lightl willnot be abstbed by the magenta image. On the otherl and, if green lightis employed, only the magenta or minus-green image will be printed,since the green light will not be absorbed by the yellow image. In thiswavit will be possible to effect an optical separation of the two imageswithout removing either of them from thel film and also withoutinvolving any appreciable adulteration of one image by traces of theother.

In the last aforesaid method the original exposure need not be madethrough the celluloid or other support .inasmuch as it is not 'necessarphysically to separate the nega tives. onsequently the originallexposure may be made vmuch shorter. p It is evident that a negativefilm of the ioo character above described may be used to print vbothnegative records simultaneously if a positive film having the generalstructure of the negative film which is described in thesespecifications is employed. In this case the two strata of the positivefilm. may

be rendered sensitive to blue and green rays respectively, the entrantside of the ositive emulsion being sensitive only tot e blue while `theemergent side is sensitive also to the green. The entire emulsion 1sstalned 'with a dye which absorbs blue,`so that only the green raysreach the emergent side, while only the blue rays can act on the entrantside.

If the multiple colored negative is used to print on such a ositive withcombined blue and green light, 1. e. yellow or possibly white, the coldrecord image of the negative will be printed on the entrant side of thepositive emulsion and the warm record image on the emergent side of thelatter.

This method of printing is illustrated in Fig. 3 wherein Fn re resentsthe celluloidlm, Cn and Wn the` lmse of the negative strata of" thenegative emulsion bearing the cold and 'warm images respectively, Pp-theCelluloid support of the positive film, and Cp and Wp the strata of thepositive' emulsion intended to receivev the positive imagesrespectively. The strata Cn and Wn may, e. g. be dyed with ablue-absorbing (yellow) dye and with a green-absorbing (magenta) dyerespectively, in which case the strata Cp and Wp maybe receptive to blueand green colors respectively. The arrow at the top of the figureindicates the direction of the printing light, which in this example ispreferably formed of blue and green components.

Selective staining of the two separated positive images thus obtainedmay then be carried out so that the positive from the cold color recordis converted into a color complei' mentary to that which originallyproduced the record in the negative, with a corresponding conversion of'the print from the warm color record. A

From the foregoing it Will be evident that instead of the emergent faceas is usual, and

so that the more intense image is formed on the emergent side of theemulsion.

While the invention has been described with particular reference totwo-color work it is also applicable to the production of pictures witha greater number of color com onents, one application to three-colorwork eing illustrated in Fig. 4, where two films, each with its ownCelluloid base, are employed with their emulsion surfaces in contact.

One of these films may be similar in structure to the'one shown in Fig.1, (differing merely in color sensitivity) and the other an ordinarypanchromatic film. Thusv iny Fig. 4 F represents the celluloid of thefirst film carrying an emulsion E" the inner stratum C of whichissensitive to cold color or colors e. g. violet blue, and blue-green, andthe outer stratum of which is sensitive to warmer color or colors, e. g.green'and yellow-green. The outer stratum may or may .not be sensitiveto y fthe colder colors.

The 'Celluloid of the Isecond' film is designated F and carries anemulsion H which is sensitive to still warmer color or colors,

e. g.' yellow, ora-nge and red. Either the inner stratum C or bothstrata C and W are,

tive. If the stratum H is also sensitive to green and yellow-green afilter absorptive of these colors may be provided betweenthe v twofilms, which filter may be in the form of a superficial coating of dveon the face of either film. However. the filter may be eliminated byemploying at H an emulsion sensitive only to yellow, orange and red.

I sug est the `followingmethod of4 producing hnssuch as above described.The entire 'emulsion E may be dyed with tartrazine and the outer surfaceof 'this emulsion may be further dyed with Congo red (color index 370)or rose bengale (color index 777- 779). The emulsion-H may be sensitizedthroughout with pinacyanol. By using a direct cotton dye, such as Congored for-example, the dye is confined to a very thin stratum at thesurface of the emulsion.

With these films in contact (instead of slightly separated as shown inFig. 4 they are exposed from the side indicated y the arrow. The violet,blue and blue-green rays expose stratum C and are absorbed thereby sothat none. of them reach the other strata. The green and yellow-greenrays expose stratum W. And the yellow, orange and red rays exposeemulsion H. The latent images in strata C and TW" are treated andreproduced as described above in connection with the two strata in thetwo-color processes and the image in emulsion H may be developedandprinted in the ordinary way, it being understood that the threepositives are suitably colored to give 'the desired color effect whencombined. v

The present invention affords many advantages over prior methods ofmaking color photographs, viz

The methods herein described have the obvious advantage over the takingof separation negatives by successive exposures in that both of thenegative records must necessarily record the same time phase of theobject so to roll-film cartridge or film-pack cameras,

and does not involveA any different manipulation than bla'ck-and-wliitefilm, except as to length of exposure and possibly the `use'of a colorfilter although the filter is not essential. f

When reproducing one of the complemen-l tal negatives b transforming itinto a elatine relief an then dyeing the relie the contrast of thepositive prmted therefrom can be well controlled by regulating theamountof dye incorporated in the relief, thereby accurately balancing the.contrasts of the two positives against each other.

Oneof the greatest diiculties in securing satisfactory color separationrecords liesV in balancing the exposures. According to this inventionexposure balance is practically built into the 'negative film which hasbeen properly manufactured, so that errors on this point cannot be madeby the operator.

The ysingle lm feature of -the present method permits automaticattainment of register between the two color components of the positive,provided proper devices are ern-- plnyed. vFor example the originalnegative an thepositive blanks to be printed upon may bejsimilarlypunched and, in printing, thesegpunchings may be held in register-byfitting` bfothfilrns` over pins so placed in the printing frame as tofitv the original perforations. f Since the negative is geometricallyidentical in .theiprinting of both color component positives, theapplication of the above methodinsuresl that both positive films may{regist'ered `with respect to each other the case 'of ,imbibitiontechnique with "a thilfdfelement or transfer blank)theysame-:perforations If the mec anijcaleatures; of this method areaccurately adjustedthis insures register .of the final; color 'imageswithout placing any relianee on,the eyes or mechanical skill of the ifying the description I operator... f

Another important advantage of the present invention consists in thatthe emulsions fory the res ective complemental images areintegrallyqoined together so that there are no" surfaces of separationto scatter the ex-` posinglight and produce halation.

For the purpose of simplifying and clariave in'man'yinstances referredto the images being reproducedas negatives and the images bein printedas positives but it is to be underst that the invention is likewiseapplicable to the production of negatives from positives if such reverseprocedure is desired for any purpose.,

l claim:

1. A sensitized element for use in 'color photography comprising anemulsion which is sensitive to cbmplemental colors atdiffer- .s entdepths respectively.

2. A sensitized element'for use in-color lapso photography comprising anemulsion which 1s sensltive to complemental colors at diierent depthsthe first sensitive depth bein substantially insensitive to thecomplementa color to which a succeeding depth is sensitive.

3. A sensitized element for use inv color photography comprising atransparent sup: port carrying an emulsion which is sensitive tocomplemental colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity towarmer colors progressively increasing from the support outwardly.

4. A sensitized element for use in color hotography comprising anemulsion which is sensitive to complemental colors at different depths,the first sensitive depth. loe1n Y substantially absorptive of thecomplementari color to which it is sensitive.

5. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising anemulsion which 1s sensitive to complemental colors at different depths,the first sensitive depth being substantially absorptive of thecomplemental color to which it is sensitive, and being substantiallyinsensitive `to the' complemental color to which a succeeding depth issensitive.

6. A sensitized element for use` in color `photography comprising atransparent sup-l port carrylng-an emulsion which is sensitive tocomplemental colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity towarmer colors progresslvely increasing from the support outwardly, andthe inner stratum being substantially` absorptive of the complementalcolor to which it is sensitive.

l7. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising atransparent support carrying an emulsion which is sensitive tocomplemental colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity towarmer colors progresslvely increasing from ,the support outwardly, andthe inner stratum being substantially insensitive to the complementalcolor to which a succeeding stratum issensitive. A

8. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprlslng atransparent supv port carrying an emulsion which is sensitive tocomplemental colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity towarmer colors progressively increasing from the support outwardly, theinnerv stratum being substantially absorptve of'the color to which it issensitive and bein substantiallyinsensitive to the complementa color towhich a succeeding stratum is sensitive.

9. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising anemulsion having a su rposition, the different strata being' sensitive tocomplemental colors respectively.

10. A' sensitized element for use in color photography com risinganemulsion having a plurality of di erent strata fast together insuperposition, the different strata being plurality of different stratafast together in and at least one stratum being substantiallyinsensitive to the complemental color to which a succeeding stratum issensitive.

11. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising anemulsion having a plurality of diii'erent strata fast together insuperposition, the diil'erent strata being -sensitive tocomplementalcolors respectively, and the first stratum being substantiallyabsorptive of the color to which itis sensitive.

12; A sensitive element for use in color photographyV comprising anemulsion which is sensitive to ditlere'nt colors at different issensitive.

13. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising anemulsion which is sensitive to one color on its emergent side and on itsentrant side is both sensitive and relatively opaque to another color.

14. A sensitized element-for use `in color photography comprising a.transparentsupport carrying an emulsion which is sensitive to diii'erentcolors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity to warmercolors progressively increasing from the support outwardly, and theinnerstratum being-substantially'absorptive o f the color to whichV itis sensitive. f v

15. A sensitized element for use in color A photography comprising atransparent support carrying. an emulsion which is sensitive todifferent colors in different strata respectively, the sensitivity towarmer colors pro-` gressively increasing from the support out- Wardly,andthe inner stratum being substantially insensitive to a color to whicha succeeding stratum is sensitive.

16. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising atransparent'support carrying an emulsion which is sensitive todi'erentcolors in different strata respectivelythe sensitivity to warmercolors progressively increasing from the support outc wardly., the innerstratum being substantially absorptive of the color to which it issensitive and being substantially insensitive to .a color to which asucceeding stratum is* sensitive.

17. A sensitized element for use in color photography comprising anemulsiony having .a plurality ofi .different strata fast together insuperposition, the dierent strata ,being sensitive to different colorsand one stratum being substantially absorptive of the color to which itis sensitive, the lat-ter stratum-beingnearer the entrant side of theemulsion than another stratum.

18. A sensitized element'for use in colorpliotography comprising anemulsion' having .a plurality of -differentgstrata fast together insuperposition. one stratum beiner substantially opaque tothe vcolorto'which it is sensitive tive.

19. A sensitive element for use in color v.photography comprising anemulsion which is sensitive to ditl'erent colors at4 dierent depths, onedepth being sensitive to reddish color and a depth in advance thereofbeing both sensitive and substantially opaque to a colder color. Y

20.` A sensitive element foiouse in color photography comprising anemulsion which issensitivevto diferent colors in different strata, anouter stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and an inner stratumbeing both sensitive and substantially opaque to a colder color.

21. A sensitive element for'use in color photography comprising Vanemulsion which is sensitive to different colors in different strata,anouter stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and an inner stratumbeing both sensitive and substantially opaque to a colder color, and thelatter stratum being substantially insensitive to the reddish color.

22. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising ailemulsion vwhich is sensitive to a reddish color on its emergent side andwhich is both sensitive and substantiilly opaque to a greenish color onits entrant si e.

23. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising anemulsion which issensitive to diifer 'nt colors in diierent strata, anouter stratiim being sensitiveto a -reddish color and an inner stratumbeing both sensitiveand substantially opaque to a greeny f ish color.

24. A sensitized elementfor use in color photography com risinganemulsion having a plurality o di'erent strata fast-together insuperposition, one stratum being Aphotography com rising an emulsionhavinga plurality 'o different strata fast .together in superposition,onev stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and another stratum inadvance thereof being both sensitive and substantially opaque to agreenish color. o, f 26. IA sensitive element for use 1n colorphotography comprising an emulsion having .a layer sensitive to red anda laver both sensitive and substantially opaque to green.

27. A- sensitive elementl for use in color photographv comprising anemulsion having a layerl sensitive to red and a'layer both sensitive andsubstantially opaque to green, and also substantially insensitive tored.

v. 28. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising atransparent support Y' io' carrying an emulison which is sensitive todifferent colors in diierent strata, an outer stratum being sensitive tored andan inner stratum being both sensitive and substantially opaque togreen.

29. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising atransparent support carr ing an emulsion which is sensitive to di erentcolors in different strata, an outer stratum being sensitive to red andan inner stratum being both sensitive and substantially opaque to green,and also substantially insensitive to red. 30. A sensitive element foruse in color photography comprising an emulsion having a layer sensitiveto red and orange and al layer both sensitive and substantially opaqueto green and blue-green.

3l. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprisingatransparent support carrying an emulsion which is sensitive todifferent colors in different strata, an outer stratum being sensitiveto red and orange and an inner stratum being both sensitive andsubstantially opaque to green and blue-green.

. 32. A sensitive element v for use in color photography comprising alayer of emulsion sensitized to red ish light and a layer of emulsiondyed with xylene red.

33. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising a layerof emulsion sensitized to reddish light and a layer of emulsion dyedwith uranine and cosine.

.34. A sensitive element for use in color photography comprising a layerof emulsion sensitized to reddish light and a layer olf emulsion dyedwith uranine, eosine and xylene red.

35. A sensitive element' for use in color photography comprising a layerof emulsion sensitized to reddish light and a superposed layer ofemulsiondyed with a solution containing approximately one-tenth totwotenths per cent. cosine and at least approximately five times as muchuranine.

Y 36. A1 sensitive element for use in color l photo raphy comprising alayer ofemulsion sensitized to reddish light and asuperposed layer ofemulsion dyed with a solution containing approximately one-half percent. uranine yone-tenth per cent. cosine and livehundredths per cent.xylene red.

37. A n emulsion sensitive to reddish light and dyed with a dye whichfurther sensitizes to a colder color without substantially desensitizingto reddish 1i ht.

38. An emulsion sensitive' to reddish light and dyed with a dye whichfurther sensitizes to a greenish color without substantiallydesensitizin to reddish li ht.` l

39. A p otographic lm for making color pictures which comprises an'emulsion having one stratum which is sensitive to a color to whichanother stratum on the entrant side of said first stratum issubstantially insensiktive and the latter stratum being sufiiciently4absorptive of other colors substantially to restrict the exposure of thesaid first stratum to light of said first color.

' 40. A photographic film for making superposed complemental imageswhich comprises.

an emulsion having different strata sensitive to complemental colors,one stratum` being suiiciently absorptive of colors other than the colorto which a succeeding1 stratum is sensitive eiectively to restrict t eex osure of the latter stratum to the color to W ich it is sensitive.

41. A photographic iilm for making color pictures which comprises anemulsion havin one stratum which is sensitive to a reddis color to whichanother stratum on the entrant side of said first stratum issubstantially insensitive and the latter stratum being suicientlyabsorptive of colder colors to cause said first stratum to record animage of the reddish color aspect of an object field to which th:emulsion is `exposed from said entrant si e. 42. A photographic film formaking superposed complemental images which comprises an emulsion whosest-rata are sensitive to complemental colors, one stratum beingsubstantiall insensitive to the complemental color to w' ich asucceeding stratum is sensitive and being sufiiciently absorptive o thecom lemental color to which it is sensitive simu taneously to cause saidstrata respectively to ren cord complemental images of said coloraspects of an object field to which the emulsion is exposed fromthe-side of thelatter stratum.

43. A photographic film for making superposed complemental images whichcomprises an emulsion having one stratum which is sensitive to a reddishcolor andanother stratum which is sensitive to a complemental color butrelatively insensitive to the reddish color, the latter stratum beingsufficiently absorptive of said com lemental color simultaneously tocause sai strata respectively to record complementa] images of saidcolor aspects of an object field to which the emulsion is exposed fromthe side of the latter stratum.

44. A photographic film for making superposed complemental images whichcomprises an emulsion having different strata differently sensitized tocomplemental colors respectively.

45. A photographic film for makingsup'er` I posed :complemental imagescomprising au emulsion having di'erent strata diierently sensitized, onestratum being sensitive to a reddish color and another stratum being'sensitive to a complementa] color.

46. A photographic film for making superposed complementa] imagescomprising an emulsion having diierent strata differently sensitized, anouter stratum being sensitive i 4 llt lie

to a reddish color and an inner stratum being sensitivetoacolder color.

:geen

47. A photographic film lfor making superD posed complemental 4imagescomprising an emulsion having different strata differently sensitized,an outer stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and an inner stratumbeing sensitive to a complemental color.

48. A photographic film ffor making superposed complemental imagescomprising an sensitive to a greenish color.

emulsion having different strata differentlyits depth.

52. A photographic film'com risingA a single emulsion coatin substantialy`senfi'tized` to reddish color on stratum.

53. A photographic film for making color pictures which comprisesY asingle emulsion coating having one stratum whichfis sensitive to a colorto which aiotlier stratum on the entrant side Vof said first stratum issuby i throughout its outer stantially insensitive and the .latterstratumbeing sufiiciently absorptive ofl other colors substantially torestrict the ex osure of the said first stratum to light of sai firstcolor. 54. Aphotographic film for making superposed complemental imageswhich comprises a single emulsion coating having different stratasensitive to complemental colors, one

- stratum being sufiiciently absorptive of colors other than the colorto which a succeeding stratum is sensitive effectively to restrict theexposure of the latter stratum to the color to which it is sensitive. v

55. A photographic film for making color pictures which comprises asingle emulsion coating having one stratum which is sensitive 'to areddish color to which another stravtum on .the entrantsde of said firststratum is substantially insensitive and the latter stratum beingsufficiently absorptive 'of colder colors to cause said first stratumtov record an image of the reddish color as ct of an object field towhich the emulsion is exposed from said entrant side.

56. A photographic film for making superposed complemental `images whichcomprises a single Aemulsion coating whose strata are sensitive to comlemental colors, onel stratum being sbstantia ly insensitive to thecomplemental color to which a.l succeedin stratum is sensitive and beingsufficiently a sorptive of the complemental color to whichit issensitive simultaneously to cause said strata respectively to recordcomplemental images of vsaid color aspects of an object field to whichthe emulsion is "exposed -from the side of the latter stratum.

57. A photographic film for making superposed complemental ima es whichcomprisesk ya sin le emulsion coating aving one stratum whic issensitive to a reddish color'and another stratum which is sensitive to acomplemental color but relatively insensitive to the reddish color, thelatter stratum being sufficiently absorptive of said complemental colorsimultaneously to cause said strata respectively to record complementalAimages -of s aid color aspects of an object field to which the emulsionis exposed from the side of the latter stratum.

58. A photographic-film for` making superl posed` complemental imageswhich comfprise's a single emulsion coating having di erent stratadifferently sensitized to complemental 'colors respectively.

59. A photographic film for making super-A l osed 4com lemental ima escom rising a P I g P posed complemental images comprising a singleemulsion coating having different strata diferentlysensitized, an outerstratumv being sensitive to a reddish color and an inner stratum beingsensitive to a colder color.

61. A photographic film for making superposed complemental imagescomprisin a single emulsion having difi'erentstrata di erent yIsensitized, an outer stratum being sensitive to a reddish color and aninner stratum being sensitive to a. com lemental color.

62. A photographic lm for making superposed complemental imagescomprising a single emulsion coating having different strata.differently sensitized, one stratum being sensitive to a reddish colorand another stratum being sensitive to a greenish color.

63.- A color photographic film or late bearin an emulsion sensitized torecor the color va ues of one portion of the spectrum, said emulsionbeing transparent to certain of said lll color values and being treatedto restrict the remainder of said color values substantially to thevsurface of the emulsion.

64. 'A color photographic film or late comprisin an emulsionsensitizedto t e orange red o the spectrum, a second emulsion sensitizedto the bluen of the s colored yellow to t ereby diminish the effect ofthe blue-violet values upon the body of the second emulsion. v

65. 'A color photographic film or plate com- -prisin an emulsionsensitized -to the orange red o the spectrum, a second emulsion senotrumand 'l A 95 60. A photographic film for making superport carrying on oneside thereof strata of' emulsions having different sensitivity forrecording different color aspects of` a scene in these stratarespectively andan intermediate stratum having different characteristicsand being permeable to developer.

67. A photographic film comprising a support carrying on one sidethereof strata of emulsions having different sensitivity for recordingdifferent color aspects .of a scene in these strata respectively and anintermediate stratum which is relatively insensitive and permeable todeveloper.

68. A photographic film comprising a support carrying on one sidethereof three separately applied layers, the first and last of saidlayers having different sensitivity for recordin different color`aspects of a scene, and each o the three layers being permeable todeveloper.

, first and last stata respectively, at least one o er. 71. Aphotographic film comprising a sup- 69. A photographic film comprising asup- 1 port carrying on one side thereof three separately appliedlayers, the first andlast of said layers having different sensitivityfor recording different color aspects of a scene and the intermediatelayer comprising gelatine substantially free from sensitivity.

70. A photographic film comprising a support carrying onone side thereofthree strata for recording different color aspects' in the stratum inadvance of the last stratum being largely absorptive of light of thecolor corresponding to the record of the first stratum,` and eachstratumy being permeable to develport carryingon one side thereof threeseparately applied layers for recording different color aspects in thefirst and last layers respectively, at least one layer in advance of thefirst layer, and

last layer being/largely absorptive of light of thecolor correspondingto the record of the developer. ,v l

7 2. A photographic film,comprising three strata of gelatine integrallythroughout their transverse and vlongitudinal coextents, the 'first andlast strata being sensitized to record different color aspects and oneof the stra-ta in advance of the last `stratum being largel absorptiveoflight' of the color correspond)I .ing to the record of thefirst stratum.

' `f73. A lphotographic film comprising three separately applied layersof gelatine 'inte-l grally united throughout their transverse and lon'tudinal-coextents, the rst and last layers eing sensitizedto recorddifferent each layer being permeable to corresponding to the recordl ofthe first stratum and the` absorptive stratum being relativelyinsensitive.

75. A photographic film comprising three` separately ap lied layers ofgelatine integrally united t roughout their transverse and longitudinalcoextents, the first and last layers being sensitized to recorddifferent color Y aspects and one of the layers in advance of the lastlayer being largely absorptive of light of the color corresponding tothev record ofthe firstlayer and the absorptive layer being free fromsensitivity.

76. A photographic film comprising a support carrying on one sidethereof three coatings of gelatine directly connected to each other, thefirst and last coatings being sensitized and one coating being largedabsorptive of light to which both of the sensitized coatings 'aresensitive. A

77. A photographic film comprising a snpport 'carrying on one sidethereof three strata integrally united throughout their trans'- verseand longitudinal extents, the first and lastl strata being sensitizedand onestratum beinglargely absorptive of light,y and each stratum beingpermeable to developer.

7 8. A transparent support having a photographic emulsion, the outersurface of said emulsion being superficially dyed with a di-l rectcotton dye.

79. A transparent support having a photographic emulsion, the outersurface of said emulsionbeing dyed with Con o red. Y

80. A transparent' support avin a photographic emulsion impregnated witalight absor ing dye, and being superficially coated with a dyeabsorbent of light to which said emulsion is sensitive.

81. A support having a photographic emulsion sensitive to a portion ofthe spectral range, a second support having1 a photographic emulsionsensitive to anoter portion of the spectrum, the outer .surface of oneof said emulsions bei-ng dyed. with Congo red, said emulsions beingplaced in close contact between lthe two sup rts. l

82. The method o making a sensitized elelment for use in colorphotography which sul ent strata thereof to complemental colors, andrendering the entrant stratum substantially absorptive of the color towhich it is sen-r sitive.

84. The method of making a sensitized element for use in colorphotography which comprises forming a film, sensitizing di'erent `stratathereof to complemental colors, and rendering the entrant stratumsubstantially absorptive of the color to which it is sensitized, onestratum being sensitized by bathing after the emulsion has solidilied.

85. The method of making a sensitized element for use in color photograhy which Vcomprises forming a film and sensltizing different stratathereof to complemental colors, one stratum being sensitized before itis joined to another stratum.

86. The method of making a sensitized'element for use in colorphotography which comprises forming a lm andl sensltizing differentstrata. thereof to complemental colors, one.` stratum being sensitizedbefore it is joined to another stratum and thev other stratumbeingsensitized by bathing after ,the twostrata have been joined.

87. The method of making a sensitized element flor use in colorphotography which comprises coating a transparent support with a klayerof emulsion, recoating the support with another layer of emulsionpresensitized to reddishcolor, and then sensitizing the first emulsionto a greenish color.

88. The method of making a sensitized ele,- ment for use 1n colorphotography which comprises coating a transparent support with a layerof emulsion. recoating the support with another layer of emulsionpresensitized to reddish color, and then bathing the element in a dyeadapted to sensitize the first layer to a greenish color withoutdesensitizing the second layer to the reddish color.

89. The method of making a sensitized element for use in colorphotography which comprises coating a-support with superposed -strata ofemulsion, sensitizing one stratum to Vone color, sensitizing anotherstratum to another color, and staining the latter stratum to render itsubstantially opaque to the color to which it is sensitized. Y

90. The method of making a sensitized element for use in colorphotography which comprises coating a support with an emulsionsubstantially insensitive to light of certain color, recoating thesupport with an emulsion, sensitizing the latter coating to said color,and dyeing the first coating to render it sensitive and substantiallyopaque to anotherA color.

91. The method of making a sensitized element for use in colorphotography which comprises coating a support with an emulsionsubstantially insensitive to light of certain color, recoating thesupport with an emulsion, sensitizing the latter coating tov said color,and rendering the first coating sensitive and substantially opaque toanother color with a dye which'doesnot desensitize the second coating.

9,2. The method of making a sensitized element comprising forming anemulsion which is sensitive to reddish light and impregnating theemulsion with a dye which further sensitizes to a colder color withoutsubstaptially desensitizing to reddish light.

93. The method of making a sensitized element comprising forming anemulsion which is sensitive to reddish light and impregnating theemulsion with a dye which further sensitizes to a greenish color Withoutsubstantially desensitizing to reddish light.

94. The method of making a photographic film 'comprising forming a,layer of emulsion which is predominantly transmissive to light of apredetermined color, and sensitizin the emulsion throughout a portion ofits epth to appoximatelythe same color.

plemental images at diiferent depths therein.

96. A photographic element comprising an image-bearing strip havinglatent complementa-limages at diiferent depths therein, one of theimages being relatively flat compared to another. y

97. A photographic element comprising an image-bearing strip havinglatenty complemental images atv different depths therein, one of theimageshaving negligible contrast compared to another.

photographic element comprisingv Van image-bearing strip having latentcom- 98. A photographicelement,comprising an anK image-bearing striphaving latent substantially non-interpenetrating images at differentdepths therein, one of the images having negligible contrast compared toanother.

102. A photographic element comprising an image-bearing strip havinglatent substantially non-interpenetrating complemental ima es at dierentde ths therein.v

103. an image-bearing strip having llatent substantiallynon-interpenetrating complemental images at different depths therein oneof the images being relatively flat compared to an-f ian l other.

photographic e ement comprising caring strip having latent substantiallynon-interpcnetrating complemental images at different depths therein,one of the images having negligible contrast compared to another.

105. Av hotographic 'element comprising an imagearing strip havinglatent 'substantially non-interpenetrating complemental images atdifferent depths therein, .the colder-color image bein relatively fiatcompared to the warmer-coor image.

106. A photographic element comprising a support and a coating on thesupport, the coating having at different depths therein la-A tent imagescorresponding to complemental color aspects.

107. A hotograph element comprising a support and a coating on thesupport, the' coating having at differentdepths therein latent imagescorresponding to complemental color aspects, one ofthe images beingrelatively fiat compared to another.

108. i A photographic element comprising a support and a coating on thesupport, the coating having at different depths therein latent imagescorresponding to complemental color aspects, one of the images havingnegli-- gible contrast comparedto another.

109. A photographic element comprising a support and a. coating on thesupport, the

coating having at different depths therein latent images correspondingto complemental color aspects, the colder-color image being relatively'flaty compared to the warmer-color image.

110. A photographic element comprisino` la support and a coating on thesupport, t e coating having at different depths therein substantiallynon-interpenetrating latent images corresponding to complemen'tal coloraspects.

111. A photographic element comprising a support and a coating on thesupport, the coating having at different depths therein substantiallynon-interpenetrating latent images corresponding to complementa] coloraspects, one of the images lbeing relatively fiat compared to another.

112. A photographic element. comprising a support and ancoating on thesupport, the

coating having at different depths therein substantiallynon-interpenetrating latent imagesv corresponding to complementalcoloraspects, one of the images having negligible .contrast compared toanother. 1; 113. A' photographic element comprising .a

gelatine layer having superposed complemental latent images in differentstrata thereof. 1141.A photographic element comprising a gelatine laverhaving sunerposed complemen-y tal `latent images in dierent stratathereof,y one of lthe images being relatively fiat compared to another.

V115. A photographic element comprising a gelatine layer' havingsuperposed comple encompared to another.

one of the images having negligible contrast tal latent images indifferent strata thereof,

116. A photographic element comprising a gelatine layer having suerposed complemental latent imagesl in difiirent strata thereof, thecolder-color image being relatively flat compared to the warmer-colorimage.

117. A photographic element comprising a gelatine layer havingsuperposed substantially non-interponetrating latent images in'different strata thereof.

V118. A photographic element comprising a vgelatine layer havingsuperposed substantially non-interpenetrating latent images in differentstrata thereof, one of the images being relatively fiat compared toanother.

119. A photographic element comprising a gelatine layer havingsuperposed substanf tially non-interpenetrating latent images indifferent strata thereof, one of the images having negligible contrastcompared to another.

120.` A. photographic element comprising .a gelatine layer havingsuperposed substantially non-interpenetrating"latent images in differentstrata thereof, the images correspondin to complemental color aspects.

121. photographic element comprising a gelatine layer having superposedsubstantially non-interpenetrating latent images in different stratathereof, the images corresponding to complemental-color aspects, one ofthe images being relatively fiat compared to another.4 y

122. A photographic element comprising a gelatine layer havingsuperposed substantially non-interpenetrating latent images in differentstrata thereof, the images corresponding to complemental color aspects,and one of the images having negligible contrast compared to another.

123. A photographic film comprising a single emulsion containing 1nsuccessive strata superposed complemental images based in the samedirection.

124. A photographic film comprising a support and a single emulsioncoating on one side of the support containing in successive strata aplurality of complemental images based toward Kthe support.

125. A photographic film comprising a single emulsion containingdistinct images 1n successive strata respectively, a plurality of theimages being based in the same direction.

126. A photographic film comprising a single emulsion containingdistinct images in vsuccessive stratavrespectively. a plurality ofemulsion containing-in successive layers -superposed complementallnuages based ward the support.

` passing through t `a transparent sup ort and a coatin support, thecoating` having comp emental' lasso 129. A photographic film comprisingan emulsion containing complemental images in successive layers, oneimage being suiiciently transparent relatively to the other ima e thatthe latter image may be printed by lig t ie first image. v v 130. Aphotographic film coin rising vanl emulsion containing complementaimages in' successive layers, one image being at relatively to the otherimage. e

131. A photographic element comprising a support and a plurality ofcoatings on the same side of the support, two of said coatings havingtherein, respectively, non-interpenetrating latent images'correspondingto complemental color aspects.

132. A photographic element comprising a support and a plurality-,ofcoatings on the same side of the support, two of saidvcoatings havingtherein, `respectively, non-interpenetrating latent images correspondingto com-A Elemental color aspects and being separated y a third coating.g

133. A hotographic negative, comprising an imagecai/ing strip havingcomplemental images therein at different depths.

134. A photographic negative, comprising an image-bearing strip havingsubstantially.

non-interpenel'rating images therein at different depths. v

135. A hotographic negative comprising an image-bearing strip havingsubstantially non-interpenetrating complemental images .therein atdiiferent depths.

136. A photographic negative comprising a transparent supportand acoating on the support, the coating having at diferent depths thereinsubstantially non-interpenetrating images representing complementalcolor aspects.

137 A photographic negative comprising on the images therein at diierentdepths, the image nearest the support being relatively flat compared toanother imaoe.

138. A photographic negative comprisingv a transparent support and acoating on the support, the coating having` substantiallynon-interpenetrating images therein at different depths, the imagenearest the support being relatively flat compared to another image. i

139. A photographic negative comprising a transparent sup ort and acoating on the support, the 'coating having substantiallynon-interpenetrating complemental images therein at di'erent depths, theimage nearest the support being relatively lat compared to v anotherimage. 140. A phetographic negative having a plurality of "superposeddeveloped images, one of the images being substantially transparent. 4 v

141. A photographic negative having a lsalt.

plurality .of superposed developed complemental images, one of thevimages beinglsubvstantially transparent.

142. A photographic negative having a plurality of superposedsubstantially nonint-erpenetrating developed images, one of the ima esbeing substantially transparent. 143. photographic negative having aplurality of superposed developed complementalimages, one of the imagesbeing transparent and relatively-thin.

144. A photographie negative having a plurality ofk superposed developedimages,y

the image representing the colder color being substanti allytransparent.

145. A photographic negative comprising a transparent support, a coatingon the supn port having a plurality of superposed developed images, theimage next to the support being substantially transparent.

146. A photographic negative comprising a transparent support, a coatingon the support havinga plurality' of 'superposed developed images, theimage next to the support representing the colder color and beingsubstantially transparent.

' 147. A photographicv negative having a plurality of superposeddeveloped images on the same side of the'support, one of the imagesbeing constituted by transparent sil- --ver salt. l

148. A photographic negative having a plurality of superposed developedcomple- .mental ima es on the same side ofthe support, one o the imagesbeing constituted by transparent silver salt.

149. A photographic negative having a` lurality of superposedysubstantially noninterpenetrating developed images on the same side ofthe support, one of the lmages being' constituted by transparent` silversalt.

150. A photographic negative having a plurality of superposed developedimages on the same side of t e support, .the image representing thecolder color being constituted by transparent silver salt.

forming different color-value images in successive strata of an emulsionby selective eX- posure to diiierent color components of aApolychromatic beam andV obstructing the pasimages forming two diierentcolor-value images 1nl sage of any component to a stratum beyond thatpredominantly ex osed thereby.

154. The method yo producing multiplex which comprises simultaneouslytwo successive strata of an emulsion by selective exposure to twodiii'erent color components of a polychromatic beam and with the firststratum substantially preventing the passage of the component wlth whichthe stratum is predominantly exposed.v

155. The method which comprises simultaneously forming, with a singlepolychromatic beam of light, different color-value images in successivestrata of an emulsion sensitized to different color components of lifghtby selectively absorbing, with certain o the strata, the color componentto which each such stratum is sensitive, v

156. The method which comprises .simultaneously forming differentcolor-value ima es of a colored scene in respective strata o an emulsionWith-a singlepolychromatic beam of light by selectively absorbing andtransmitting the 'color components of the Y light in accordance with thecolor sensitivity of the successive strata.

157. The method which com rises concomitantly forming complementalimages respectively in successive strata of an emulsion by selectiveexposure to diiierent color components of a polychromaticbeam andabsorbing certain of the components by the stratum selectivel exposedthereby.

158. T e method which comprises concomitantly lforming two complementalimages respectively in two successive strata of an emulsion by selectiveexposure to two different color components of a polychromatic beam andwith the first stratum substantially preventin the passage of thecomponent with whic 1 the first stratum is predominently exposed.

159. The method of making superposed. complemental images in a singleemulsion which comprises forming the images in latent form in differentdepths of the emulsion respectively, and developing the imagesconcomitantly.

160. The lmethod of making superposed complemental images in a singleemulsion which comprises simultaneously forming the images in latentform in different depths of the emulsion respectively, and developingthe images concomitantly.

161. The method of making superposed complemental images in a singleemulsion which comprises incorporating within the emulsion alight-retarding d e,.formin the images in latent form inV diy erent depts of the emulsion respectively, one of the images bein restricted to apartial depth of the emu sion by the light-retarding dye, and developingthe images concomitantly.

Y 162. A method of producing a color photolasso y graph comprisingformin in layers of emulsion sensitized respective y to recorddiii'erent color values, a lurality of superimposed latent images'ofifferent color sensations,

developing said latent ima es and coloring respectively in Y the ima esthus develope colors ot er than those whose values are recorded in thesaid respective images.

163. A method of producing a color graph comprising formin sionsensitized respective y to record differhotoent color values, a luralityof-superimposed ii'erent color sensations, developing said latent imagesand' coloring y latent images of each of the respective images thusdevcioped with a color whose values are recorded by l another of saidimages.

164. The method of producing a color photograph in two colors comprisingforming in layers of emulsion sensitized respectively lto recorddifferent color values and combined to constitute a substantiallyunitary body, two superimposed latent imagesofdiierent color sensations,simultaneously developing and then fixing said two images and thencoloring each of said images with that color whose values are recordedbythe other image.

165. The method of producing a color photograph which comprisesconcomitantly forming, in unitediayers of emulsion respectivelysensitized to record different color valspectively sensitized torecorddifferent color values, a pluralitg' of superposed latent imagesrecording iferent color values, and concomitantly developing saidimages.

in layerso emul- 168. The method of producing a color phol tograph witha suitable support having on one side layers of emulsion sensitizedrespectively to yrecord different color values, which comprises formingsimultaneously in said layers of emusion two latent images recordingrespectively thev orange-red and the blue-green of the spectrum, theeffect of the' blue-violet light upon the latter image being diminishedby excludin a part of said lightv from the portion of t e emulsionaffected thereby and then ydeveloping and coloring the ima es formed.

169. e method of making complemental images in an'emulsion sensitized tocomplemental colors at differentV depths, which comprises ex osing theemulsion with light of the comp emental col/ors, restricting to the'(lll :asso

pths which includes the step of treatinlg the images with a developerhaving a hig dii'usion tendency and a low reduction potential.

171. The method of making a hotographic element having images at dierent depths which includes the step of'reducmg the exhaustive effect ofthe outer nuage on the inner image by the use of hydroqumone and analkali.

172. The method of making a photoraphic element havingimages atdifferent depths which includes the step of reducing the exhaustiveeffect of the outer image on the inner image by the use of hydroqulnoneand bromide. l

173. The method of making a hotorafphic element having images atdi erentdepths which includes the step of reducing the exhaustive effect of theouter image on the inner image by the use of hydroqulnone' and analkaline carbonate and bromide.

174. The method of making a photoraphic element having images atdilerent depths which includes swelling the gelatine by introducin a.liquid thereintm'and subsequentl deve oping the images.

175. Ilhe method of making a hotographic element having images at dierent depths which includes swelling the gelatine by introducing aliquid thereinto, and subsequently treating the images with a devel-.oper having a high diifusion tendency and a low reduction potential.

176. The method` of making a hotographic element having ima es at dierent depths therein which inclu es the step of fogging a stratum of theemulsion before developing the images. f' 177. The method of making afhotographic element having images at di erent depths therein whichincludes the ste of fo ging an inner stratum of the emu sion be loredeveloping the images.

178. The method of making a hotographic element having ima es at dierent depths therein which inclu es the step of logging and swelling thegelatine before developing the images. i

179. The method of making a photographic element having ima at dilerentdepths therein which inclu es the step of fogging and swelling thegelatine and subsequently treating it with a developer hav.- ing a highdiffusion tendency and a low reduction otential.

180. he method of producing a color photograph which comprisesconcomitantly it is sensitize and transmitting toforming, in unitedlayers of emulsion tively sensitized to record different color values, aplurality of superposed latent images recordin different color values,and reproducing sai images in united layers of emulsion respectivelysensitized to record different color values.

181. The method of producing a color photograph which comprisesconcomitantly forming, in united layers of emulsion respectivelysensitized to record different color va1ues,. a plurality of superposedlatent images recording d1fferent color values, and reproducing saidimages without separating sa1d layers.

182.,A method of tograph with a suita le support having on one sidelayers of emulsion sensitized res tivelyl to record different colorvalues w ic comprises forming simultaneously in said layers of emulsiona plurality of latent images of different color sensations, developingand coloring said ima es ,in the dilerent respective colors withoutisturbing the relative positions of said images in said emulsion tothereby produce two superimposed images in different colors in anemulsion on one side of said support, and printing a posi-v tive fromthe negatlve thus formed.

183. The method of producing a color photograph with a suitable supporthaving on one side layers of emulsion sensitized res ctively7 to recorddierent color values w 'ch comprises forming in said layers of emulsiona lurality of superimposed ima es of the su ject photogra hed, each osaid images recording a di erent color sensation, individually coloringsaid images to form a negative in diierent colors without disturbing therelative said emulsion to thereby produce two superimposed images indifferent colors in an .emulsion on one side of said support, printingfrom this negative in a single operation a positive to form on saidpositive a plurality of superimposed latent images of differentcolorsensations, and subsequently developing and coloring said positive.y

184. The method of .glroducing a color .i

photograph with a suita le support having on one side layers of emulsionsensitized respectively to record diierent color values,

reducing a color pho-l positions of saidk images inl qimo whichcomprises forming simultaneously in said layers of emulsion a pluralityof latent images of different color sensations, develo al1 of saidlatent images, suocessivey 1n coloring the respective images andsubsequently printing a positive from the negative thus formed, saidpositive being constituted similarly to the negative and being subjectedto a similar treatment to produce the linished picture.

185. The method of producing a color ff photograph with a suitablesupport having 'on one side layers of emulsions sensitized said layersof emulsion a plurality of `latent a support images of different 'colorsensations, subsequently developing and coloring the respective imagesto form a negative, `orming a positive comprising a plurality ofcoatings sensitized respectively for colors complementary to the lcolorsemployed in tle negative, rintin t e sitive in a sing eoperation,pandsisequgiitly' developing and `toning the images formed on said positive.

186. The method of reproducing images superposed on the same side of asupportwhich comprises rendering one image relatively ineiective onprinting light and passin ight through both images to print the ot rimage.

187. The method of making color pictures which comprises separatelyprinting superpzsed complemental pictures, one image ing printed b lightpassingthrough the other image, an the latter image being renderedrelatively ineffective during the printing of the first image. I 188.The method of separating superposed components of a representation oftwo color aspects of an object field on the same side of which comprisesprinting one component by light passing through the representation ofboth color aspects, the other component being rendered substantial]ineffective during the `printing of the rst com- 189. The method ofseparating superposed components of a-representation of two color prnting one component by printing -printed image and aspects of an objectfield whilchhcomprises A i ig t through the representation of bot coloraspcts, the other component being rendered su tantially ineffectiveduring the printing of the iirstcomponent, then removing the firstcomponent and lprinting the second component.

' 190. The method ofvseparating superposed.

components of a representation of two' color ects of anV object eldwhich comprises lone component by 'lightv ing through the representationof bot color aspgtcts, the other component being rendered su antiallyineffective during the printing of thei "pomponent, removingthe firstcomponent, and then rendering the second method of making color picturesfrom4 superposed'compleme'ntal imag'es which comprises printingone imagewithout "sepa-'- rating the images, and then removing' the printedimage' and printingY the other image.

192. The method of making color pictures from superposed complementalimages which comprses printing one image without separating the images,an'd then' etching o the 193. The method of making color pictpresnsssingV image, and then printing the other image.

from superposed com lemental 'silver images which includes treating theimages with a bleach containing a reducer.

194. The method of making color pictures from superposed complementalsilver images which includes 'treating the images with a Y bleachcontaining an al li sulphite. 195. The method of making color 'picturesfrom superposed complemental silver images which includes treatin theimages' with a bleach acting with su cient ra idity substantially toprevent the images om affecting each other. 4

196. .The method of making color pictures from superposed com lementalsilver images which includes treating the imagesl with a bleach toharden the gelatine throughout the images while preventing the "diusionof latine hardening substances from one image to another.

197.' The method of making color pictures from superposed complementalsilver images which includes hardenin the gelatine throughout each imagean then separating the images by dissolving thefsoft gelatinetherebetween.

, 198. The method of making color pictures image, and printg the otherimage.

199. The meth of\making color pictures from superposed complementalsilver images l ing one image, bleach- Y a which comprises prin ing theimages, etc in image, and then intensi the other image.

200. The method of making color pictures from superposed complementalsilver images whichcomprises printing one image, bleaching the images,etching of the of! the printed 'ng and printing other image.

201. The method of making color pictures from superposed complementalsilver images which comprises bleaching and separating the images, anddyeing one image vwitha dye having a heavy staining wer.

Themethod of ma from superposed complemental silver images whichcomprises bleaching and separating the; images, and' dyeing` one imagewith a dye having a heavy staining -power and having a slow washing outrate.

' Y 203.l The `method of making color pictures images V fromsuperposed'complemental silver which comprises printing one image,bleaching and separating;` the mages, and dyeing one image with a' ye'having a heavy strainmg power. *y

Y`204. The method 'of making color ictures comprising simultaneoforming, ycomposite light, complemen images atdiierent depths in anemulsion adapted to respond i printed y staining and printing the gcolor pictures I predominantly to-,dierent lightcomponents strata, andseparately at different depths, and separately re roducin `thecomplemental images in iil'erent co ors.

205. The method of making color ictures comprisin simultaneouslyforming, by composite light, complemental images at different depths inan emulsion adapted to respond predominantly to different lightcomponents at different depths, and separately printing and coloring thecomplemental images. A

206.. The method of making color pictures comprisin exposing an emulsionhaving superpose strata sensitive to light components of differentcolors, simultaneously to form complemental images in the respectiveprinting the images to form complemental pictures, the image of onelayer being printed by light passing through the other layer, the imageof the other-layer being rendered substantially ineffective during theprinting of the first ima e.

20 The method of making color pictures comprising exposing an emulsionlhaving superposed strata sensitive to light components of differentcolors, simultaneously 4to form complemental images in the respectivestrata, and printing the images to form complemental pictures, at leastone image being printed Without separating the layers.

. 208.' The method of separating superposed components of arepresentation of two color aspects of an object field which comprisesprinting oneV component by light passing through the representation ofboth color aspects, the other component being rendered substantiallyineective during the printing of they first component.

209. The method of making color pictures which comprises forming alatent image in one stratum of a sensitized emulsion, simultaneouslyforming a relatively thin compiemental latent image in another stratum'of n the emulsion, developing the images, printing the first image bypassing light through both images, removing the iirst image, aridprinting the second image.

210. The method of making color pictures Whichcomprises simultaneouslyforming' complemental latent images in different strata' of an emulsionby exposing the emul-` sion through its transparent support, making thefirst image next to the support substan-` tially negligible compared tothe second image, printing the second image by light passing throughboth images, removing the second image, and rinting the rst image.

211. The methodlof making color p'ctures which comprises formingsuperposed coniplemental silver images on thefsame side of a support,dyeing the images diierent colors and then printing the imagesrespectively with light of different colors.

212. The method of making color pictures comprising simultaneouslyforming, by composite light, complemental images at dilerent dept sin anemulsion adapted to respond predominantl to different light com onentsat different epths, and subsequent y converting the respectivel imagesinto a composite color picture.

313. The method of making color pictures comprising simultaneouslyforming complemental lnegatives at different depths in an emulsion, andsubsequently producing positives from the negatives, the production ofthe positives including passing a beam of light through the negatives inseries.

214. The method of making color ictures which comprises producing atifferent depths in an emulsion superposed components of a colorrepresentative of an ob]ect 216. The method of producing a colorphotograph, comprising forming in layers of emulsion on lthe same sideof their su port ,and sensitized respectively to record di erent colorvalues a plurality of superimposed images of the subject photographed,each of said ima es recording a different color sensation, in ividuallycoloring said images to form a negative in proper colors, printing fromthis negative in a. single operation a positive to form on said positivea plurality of superimposed latent images of different color sensations,and subsequently developing and coloring said positive.

217. A method of producing a color photograph, comprising formingsimultaneouslyin layers of emulsion on the same side of their supportand sensitized respectively to record different color values a pluralityof latent images of different color seiisations. developing all of saidlatent images, successively coloring the respective images, andsubsequently ,printing a-positive :from the negative thus formed. saidpositive being constituted similarly to the negative and betaneously inlayers of lemulsion on the same side of their support and sensitized torecord subsequently developing and ,coloring thefrespective images toform a negative, forming zim III

respectively different color values a plurality l of latent images ofdifferent color sensations,

